Demographic modeling is a branch of social science research that focuses on studying and predicting changes in the composition and characteristics of populations over time. This field uses mathematical and statistical methods to analyze patterns of population growth, migration, fertility, mortality, and other demographic processes. Demographic modeling is used in a wide range of applications, including public policy planning, market research, and environmental sustainability assessments. By understanding and predicting demographic trends, researchers can help inform decision-making and policy development to address the needs and challenges of changing population dynamics.